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Pauline Oliveros (May 30, 1932 – November 24, 2016) was an American composer, lecturer, accordionist and a central figure in the development of post-war experimental and electronic music.
Early life and career
During her studies, Oliveros met artists Terry Riley, Stuart Dempster and Loren Rush.[6][8] When she turned 21, she obtained her first tape recording deck, which led to her creating her own pieces and future projects in this field.[8] Oliveros was one of the original members of the San Francisco Tape Music Center, which was an important resource for electronic music on the U.S. West Coast during the 1960s.[9]
Oliveros often improvised with the Expanded Instrument System, an electronic signal processing system she designed, in her performances and recordings.[11]
Deep listening
In 1988, as a result of descending 14 feet an underground cistern to make a recording, Oliveros coined the term "deep listening"[6]—a pun that has blossomed into "an aesthetic based upon principles of improvisation, electronic music, ritual, teaching and meditation. This aesthetic is designed to inspire both trained and untrained performers to practice the art of listening and responding to environmental conditions in solo and ensemble situations".[15] Deep listening became a program of the Pauline Oliveros Foundation, founded in 1985.
Sonic awareness
Heidi Von Gunden[18] names a new musical theory developed by Oliveros, "sonic awareness", and describes it as "the ability to consciously focus attention upon environmental and musical sound", requiring "continual alertness and an inclination to be always listening".[19] Oliveros discusses this theory in the "Introductions" to her Sonic Meditations and in articles. Von Gunden describes sonic awareness as "a synthesis of the psychology of consciousness, the physiology of the martial arts, and the sociology of the feminist movement".[20]
In 1975 Oliveros met her eventual partner, performance artist Linda Montano.[25]
In 2012, Oliveros received the John Cage Award from the Foundation for Contemporary Arts.[26]
Books
Oliveros, Pauline (2013). Sam Golter and Lawton Hall (ed.). Anthology of Text Scores by Pauline Oliveros 1971–2013. Kingston, New York: Deep Listening Publications. ISBN 9781889471228.
— (2010). Lawton Hall (ed.). Sounding the Margins: Collected Writings 1992–2009. Kingston, New York: Deep Listening Publications. ISBN 978-1-889471-16-7.
— (2005). Deep Listening: A Composer's Sound Practice. New York: iUniverse, Inc. ISBN 978-0-595-34365-2.
— (1998). Roots of the Moment. New York: Drogue Press. ISBN 978-0-9628456-4-2.
— (1984). Software for People: Collected Writings 1963–80. Baltimore: Printed Editions. ISBN 978-0-914162-59-9.
— (1982). Initiation Dream. Los Angeles: Astro Artz. ISBN 978-0-937122-07-5.
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